Operator Shortcuts

Operator Shortcuts

Python lets you overload the full set of arithmetic operators. Most can be defined in terms of the operations we already have — no new gradient logic needed.

Negation

-a is just a * -1:

def __neg__(self): return self * -1

Right-hand Operations

Python calls __radd__ when the left operand doesn't know how to add. 3 + a becomes a.__radd__(3):

def __radd__(self, other): return self + other
def __rmul__(self, other): return self * other

Subtraction and Division

Both reduce to existing operations:

def __sub__(self, other):  return self + (-other)
def __rsub__(self, other): return other + (-self)
def __truediv__(self, other):  return self * other**-1
def __rtruediv__(self, other): return other * self**-1

Note other**-1 — this calls Python's built-in ** on the raw number (not Value.__pow__), giving the scalar reciprocal. Then self * scalar uses Value.__mul__ which wraps the scalar automatically.

Your Task

Add all seven shortcut methods to Value.