Classes & Objects

Classes and Objects

A class is a blueprint; an object is an instance of that blueprint.

class Dog {
    String name;      // field
    int age;

    Dog(String name, int age) {  // constructor
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
    }

    String bark() {
        return name + " says: Woof!";
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Dog(" + name + ", age=" + age + ")";
    }
}

Dog d = new Dog("Rex", 3);
System.out.println(d);        // Dog(Rex, age=3)
System.out.println(d.bark()); // Rex says: Woof!

Encapsulation

Use private to hide fields and expose them through methods:

private double balance;
void deposit(double amount) { balance += amount; }
double getBalance() { return balance; }

Your Task

Create a BankAccount class (as a static inner class) with:

• private String owner, private double balance
• Constructor BankAccount(String owner, double initialBalance)
• void deposit(double amount)
• boolean withdraw(double amount) — returns false if insufficient funds, otherwise deducts and returns true
• toString() returning "<owner>: $<balance>"

Then run the sequence shown in the expected output.