Strings

Strings

In C, strings are arrays of char terminated by a null byte ('\0'). There is no dedicated string type.

String Literals

const char *greeting = "Hello";

This creates a string {'H', 'e', 'l', 'l', 'o', '\0'} in memory and stores its address in greeting.

Subspace messages: character arrays transmitted across the quadrant, always null-terminated so you know where the message ends.

Character Arrays

You can also store strings in character arrays:

char name[10] = "Alice";

This copies the string into the name array. You can modify it (unlike string literals).

String Functions (string.h)

Printing Strings

printf("%s\n", greeting);    // Hello
puts(greeting);               // Hello (adds newline automatically)

Iterating Characters

const char *s = "Hello";
for (int i = 0; s[i] != '\0'; i++) {
    printf("%c", s[i]);
}
printf("\n");

Your Task

Write a function int count_char(const char *s, char c) that counts how many times character c appears in string s. Call it from main to count the letter 'l' in "hello world" and print the result.